Mvision problems what happens most often is the refractive error of the eye. People who have problems with refreye action will complain viewhisblurry when you see objects that are far, near, or both of them.
Refraction of the eye is a term to describe the process of light entering the eye until it is caught by the retina.
The process of seeing begins with the reflection of light from an object that is caught by the eye. When light enters the eye, the lens and cornea of the eye will adjust the reflected light to focus exactly on the retina of the eye. If the eye's refraction works well, then the quality of vision will be clear and focused (not blurry).
Refractive errors of the eye occur when light falls in front of or behind the retina, resulting in blurred vision. Not only that, this condition is also caused by changes in the shape of the cornea or aging of the eye lens.
Type-JTypes of Refractive Eye Disorders
Refractive errors of the eye can be classified into several types, namely:
1. Nearsightedness
People with nearsightedness or myopia can see objects that are close up clearly, but have difficulty seeing objects that are far away. This condition occurs because the light that enters the eye falls in front of the retina. Severe myopia can increase the risk of retinal detachment, cataracts, and glaucoma.
2. Nearsighted
Nearsightedness is the opposite of myopia. People with farsightedness or hypermetropia can see objects that are far away clearly, but have difficulty seeing objects that are close. This condition makes it difficult for sufferers to read writing that is close to their eyes.
Nearsightedness or also known as plus eye occurs when light entering the eye falls behind the retina. Nearsightedness can also cause eye muscle strain, so sufferers are easily dizzy and have headaches.
3. Cylindrical eye
Cylindrical eye conditions can occur simultaneously with nearsightedness or farsightedness. Cylindrical eye or astigmatism is a visual disorder that occurs due to defects in the cornea or the curvature of the lens. This condition causes vision to become blurred or ghosted, both when looking at objects that are close or far away.
4. Old eyes
Presbyopia is a condition that occurs when the lens of the eye becomes stiff, making it difficult to refract and focus light on the retina of the eye. This stiffness of the eye lens occurs due to the aging process. This condition is normal for the elderly or adults aged over 45 years.
In addition to several types of eye refractive errors above, the eye can also experience a refractive error called anisometropia. This is a condition in which the refractive ability of the right eye and left eye differ greatly.
This eye refraction disorder makes the sufferer have to squint frequently to see an object and his vision feels shaded.
Sign-Tyou have a refractive error
There are several symptoms and signs that appear when you suffer from refractive errors of the eye, including:
- Blurred or ghosted vision
- Seeing halos around bright lights
- Difficulty focusing when reading a book or looking at the computer
- Often squints eyes when looking
- Headache
- Eyes feel tense
Examination of Refractive Eyes
If you start to feel that you are experiencing the symptoms of refractive errors above, immediately get your eyes checked by an ophthalmologist or optician. During the examination, the doctor or optician will ask you to sit in a chair equipped with a special device.
To check for nearsightedness, your doctor or optician will ask you to read letters or numbers from a distance of approximately 6 meters. As for nearsightedness, you will be asked to read from a special card.
First, the doctor or optician will ask you to read without aids, to assess your eye's ability to read writing at a certain distance. After that, the doctor or officer will ask you to read with a tool in the form of phoroptor.
After using phoroptor, eyesight will usually get better. Through this examination tool, the doctor or optician will determine the right type of eyeglass lens to correct refractive errors in your eye.
Handling tagainst refractive errors of the eye
The refractive error of the eye has yet to be cured. Treatment efforts only aim to help people with eye refractive errors to see more clearly and prevent refractive errors from getting worse.
To treat refractive errors of the eye, there are several steps that can be taken, namely:
Using glasses
Glasses are the easiest and safest choice to correct refractive errors of the eye. An ophthalmologist or optician will give you the right size and type of eyeglass lens based on the results of the eye refraction examination and the type of refractive error you experience.
For nearsightedness, the lens used is a concave lens (minus), while for farsightedness the lens used is a convex lens (plus). Plus or minus glasses are also equipped with cylindrical lenses, if there are cylindrical eyes.
Contact lens
Some people choose to use contact lenses instead of glasses because they are more comfortable and practical to use when on the move. However, contact lenses require more painstaking care than glasses.
You should always keep your lenses clean and understand how to use them properly. Avoid sleeping wearing contact lenses and change contact lenses on schedule.
Refractive surgery
For some conditions, surgery may be needed to correct refractive errors that occur. Refractive surgery is performed by permanently changing the shape of the cornea, thereby restoring the focusing power of the eye. There are different types of refractive surgery, such as LASIK and SMILE.
To determine the appropriate aids or other treatment steps to treat abnormalities in eye refraction, you can consult further with an ophthalmologist or refractive ophthalmologist.
Remember, even if you have used assistive devices or performed surgery on your eyes to improve your eye's refractive ability, you still need to have regular eye exams with your doctor.