Permanent teeth or permanent teeth are teeth that grow permanently, replacing baby teeth that only grow temporarily. The time of appearance of permanent teeth in each child is different, depending on each condition child.
In general, teeth are divided into two types, namely milk teeth and permanent teeth. Permanent teeth are often also called permanent teeth or adult teeth.
Milk teeth have a very important role during the growth of a child's permanent teeth, namely as a space barrier so that the permanent teeth can get a place to grow.
If the baby teeth fall out prematurely, then the space or gap between the teeth will narrow because the teeth tend to move into the empty space. As a result, permanent teeth will grow abnormally. The arrangement of the permanent teeth will also overlap and look messy.
Based on their function, teeth can be divided into 4 types, namely:
- incisors (incisive), to bite or cut food.
- Canine tooth (canines), to tear or crush food.
- Small molars (premolars), to destroy food.
- Large molars (molars), to grind food.
Permanent Teeth Growth in Children
Your baby's baby teeth start to fall out for the first time, usually at the age of 6 or 7 years. After that, the missing baby teeth will be replaced with permanent teeth or permanent teeth.
The timing of the appearance of the first permanent teeth can vary from child to child. Generally, children's first permanent teeth appear at the age of 6-7 years.
The following is the order in which permanent teeth develop in children:
- Lower molars or molars (6-7 years old)
- Maxillary molars (6-7 years old)
- Lower front incisors (6-7 years old)
- Maxillary incisors (7-8 years old)
- Lower canine teeth (9-10 years old)
- Small 1st molars or 1st premolars (10-11 years old)
- 3rd molars or maxillary and mandibular 2nd premolars (10-12 years old)
- Canines (11-12 years old)
- 2nd molars (12-13 years old)
Factors Affecting the Growth of Permanent Teeth
Not all children develop permanent teeth at the time described above. There are several factors that cause permanent teeth to grow late or not grow at all, including:
Local factors
The local causes referred to here are injury to the baby teeth, tumors in the teeth, the baby teeth fall out prematurely, impacted teeth, ectopic tooth growth, and clefts or gaps in the mouth (oral cleft).
Systemic factors
These factors include poor nutritional intake, vitamin D deficiency, diseases related to endocrine hormones, diseases cerebral palsy, and long-term chemotherapy.
genetic factors
These genetic factors are related to hereditary diseases, such as: Down syndrome, GAPO syndrome, and other disorders associated with dentocraniofacial developmental disorders (teeth, skull, and face).
Parents need to take their child to the dentist if the first molars do not appear on time. An examination to the doctor also needs to be done if the milk teeth have fallen out but the permanent teeth have not appeared in the waiting time of about 6 months - 1 year, or the milk teeth do not fall out until adulthood.
In this condition, the dentist will examine the condition of the child's teeth. If necessary, the doctor will conduct an X-ray examination to determine the condition and position of the permanent teeth in the gums and jaws, including whether there are abnormalities in the child's teeth.
written oleh:
drg. Robbykha Rosalien, M.Sc(Dentist)