In the midst of the outbreak of the Corona virus infection (COVID-19), various terms related to this disease have emerged, ranging from social distancing, lockdown, PSBB, OTG, to PDP. So as not to be confused, come on, see this article to find out the meaning of these terms.
Currently, the world is being shaken by the outbreak of COVID-19. How not, the disease caused by this latest type of coronavirus has claimed thousands of lives. In an effort to suppress the spread of the Corona virus, the government encourages people to do social distancing.
Term-Term Related to COVID-19
'Social distancing'is just one of the many terms related to the Corona virus that have sprung up in the COVID-19 pandemic. To better understand the terms related to COVID-19, see the following reviews:
1. Social distancing
according to Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), meaning of the term ‘social distancing’ or 'social restrictions' are avoiding public places, staying away from crowds, and maintaining an optimal distance of 2 meters from other people. With the distance, the spread of this disease is expected to be reduced.
2. Insulation and kquarantine
These two terms related to the Corona virus refer to actions to prevent transmission of the Corona virus from people who have been exposed to this virus to others who have not.
The difference is that isolation separates people who are already sick from people who are not sick to prevent the spread of the Corona virus, while quarantine separates and limits the activities of people who have been exposed to the Corona virus but have not shown symptoms.
Various experts recommend quarantine at home or self-isolation for at least 14 days. During quarantine, you are recommended to stay at home while living a clean and healthy lifestyle, not meeting other people, and maintaining a distance of at least 2 meters from people who live in the same house.
3. Lockdown
Term 'lockdown' means regional quarantine, namely restrictions on the movement of residents in an area, including closing access to enter and leave the area. The closure of entry and exit routes and restrictions on population movement are carried out to reduce contamination and spread of COVID-19 disease.
4. Flattening they curve
‘Flattening the curve’ or 'sloping the curve' is a term in the field of epidemiology for efforts to slow the spread of infectious diseases, which in this case is COVID-19, so that health facilities have adequate resources for sufferers. The slope of this curve can be done by social distancing, quarantine and isolation.
The curve describes the prediction of the number of people infected with the Corona virus in a certain time span. The number of sufferers that increases dramatically in a very short period of time, for example in just a few days, is described as a narrow height curve.
The number of patients who explode makes the treatment can not be done optimally. This is because the number of patients exceeds the ability and capacity of health facilities, for example the number of beds and equipment available in hospitals is not sufficient to treat all patients.
This condition causes the death rate to be very high, not only in COVID-19 patients, but also in patients with other diseases that require hospitalization.
Even though the number of sufferers is the same, if the rate of increase is slower (depicted by a longer and sloping curve), health facilities have the opportunity to treat patients with adequate facilities and infrastructure.
5. Patients in psurveillance (PDP) and oinside pmonitoring (ODP)
PDP and ODP are definitions used to classify individuals based on:
- Symptoms of fever and/or respiratory distress
- Travel history to a Corona virus infection pandemic area or living in the area for the last 14 days before symptoms appear
- History of contact with people infected or suspected of being infected with COVID-19 in the last 14 days before symptoms appeared
In general, ODP and PDP can be distinguished from the symptoms experienced. In ODP, the symptoms that appear are only one of fever or respiratory problems, such as cough, runny nose, sore throat, and shortness of breath. While in PDP, there are already symptoms of fever and respiratory problems.
For PDP, isolated hospitalization is carried out, laboratory examinations, and monitoring of other people who have close contact with the PDP. Meanwhile, ODP must undergo isolation at home and their condition will be monitored every day for 2 weeks, using a special form.
If the ODP's condition worsens and has met the PDP criteria or the laboratory results are positive for Corona virus infection, then the ODP must be taken to the hospital.
6. People without symptoms (OTG)
OTG is a term used for people who are positively infected with the Corona virus but do not experience symptoms or the symptoms are very mild. OTGs must still self-isolate at home for 14 days, be monitored by telephone by monitoring officers, and carry out control after 14 days of self-isolation.
During self-isolation, OTGs are required to take temperature measurements 2 times a day, use masks, wash hands regularly with soap and running water or hand sanitizer, do physical distancing, apply cough etiquette, and stay in a separate room or room from other residents of the house. If the OTG has fever symptoms of more than 380 C, then the OTG must inform the monitoring officer about this.
7. Herd immunity
Literally, the term 'herd immunity' means herd immunity. Herd immunity against a disease can be achieved by widespread vaccination or when natural immunity is established in most people in a group after they have been exposed to and recovered from the disease.
In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, some experts believe that the transmission of the Corona virus will decrease or even stop altogether if there are many people who have recovered and become immune to this infection.
Even so, until now there is no vaccine for COVID-19 and to wait until it is achieved herd immunity naturally is very risky because this disease can be fatal.
8. Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB)
In accordance with the Minister of Health Regulation issued to deal with COVID-19, several regions in Indonesia have imposed Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB). During PSBB, local governments will do the following:
- School and workplace holidays
- Restrictions on religious activities
- Restrictions on activities in public places or facilities
- Restrictions on socio-cultural activities
- Restrictions on mode of transportation
- Restrictions on other activities specifically related to defense and security aspects
The workplace vacation regulations provide exceptions for workplaces that provide defense and security services, public order, food needs, fuel oil and gas, health services, the economy, communications, industry, export and import, logistics distribution, and other basic needs.
As of July 2020, the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia replaced the old terms for COVID-19 such as ODP, PDP, and OTG with new operational terms, such as suspect, probable, and confirmation.
nowHere are various terms related to Corona virus infection or COVID-19. To minimize your risk of contracting this disease, follow the advice of doctors and the government. In addition to washing hands, wearing masks, and living a clean and healthy lifestyle, avoid crowded places or gather with many people.
The COVID-19 pandemic is indeed worrying, but everyone can help alleviate this condition by doing their respective roles.
Written by:
dr. Andi Marsa Nadhira