There are various types of neurological diseases that a person can experience, depending on age and triggering factors. Until now, neurological diseases are still one of the most common causes of disability and death in the world. Therefore, it is important for you to recognize this disease early on.
Nervous diseases are all disorders that occur in the body's nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system), as well as the nerves that connect the central nervous system with all organs of the body (peripheral nervous system).
The nervous system in the body can be disrupted due to various factors, ranging from trauma, infection, tumors, immune system disorders, to blood flow disorders. When there is disease in the nervous system, sufferers can find it difficult to move, speak, think, and even lose memory.
Various Types of Nerve Disease
Some disorders that may occur in the nervous system include:
1. Meningitis
Meningitis or inflammation of the lining of the brain is one type of neurological disease that is often experienced by a person, especially in infants, children, and adolescents. Inflammation of the lining of the brain is generally caused by a viral or bacterial infection, but it can also occur due to non-infectious diseases, such as drug allergies or sarcoidosis.
Meningitis sufferers usually experience several symptoms such as a severe headache, high fever, and stiff neck. If the disease is not treated quickly and appropriately, meningitis can cause permanent damage to the brain and lead to complications such as seizures and kidney failure.
2. Stroke
Stroke is one of the biggest non-communicable diseases that cause death in the world, including in Indonesia. This neurological disease occurs due to disruption of blood supply to the brain due to blockage or rupture of blood vessels.
This condition causes brain tissue to not get enough oxygen and nutrients to function properly. When brain cells begin to break down, stroke survivors can experience several symptoms, such as facial numbness, difficulty speaking, walking, and seeing, severe headaches, and even paralysis.
3. Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis disease or multiple sclerosis is a type of neurological disease with a high risk of affecting the brain and spinal cord. In fact, this neurological disease is the most common cause of disability in people aged 20-30 years.
Multiple sclerosis It can affect vision, arm or leg movement, and balance. Early symptoms that can be felt are fatigue, tingling, numbness, blurred vision, and muscle stiffness.
Reason multiple sclerosis so far not known with certainty. However, this disease is thought to be caused by an autoimmune disease. In this case, the body's immune system attacks the fatty substance that lines the nerves in the brain and spinal cord.
4. Epilepsy
Epilepsy, also known as epilepsy, is a neurological disease caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. This disease can cause sufferers to experience repeated seizures without a clear trigger.
Abnormalities in the electrical activity of the brain can occur due to several things, including trauma to the head, very low blood sugar, high fever, and the influence of alcohol.
Symptoms of seizures experienced by people with epilepsy usually include uncontrollable or strange and repetitive movements of the hands and feet, loss of consciousness, and confusion.
5. Bell's Palsy
Bell's palsy is a neurological disease that causes weakness or temporary paralysis of the muscles in the face. This condition occurs when the peripheral nerves that control facial muscles become inflamed, swollen, or compressed.
On Bell's palsy, one side of the sufferer's face will become stiff, so he has difficulty smiling or closing his eyes. In most cases, the symptoms are temporary and will go away after a few weeks.
In addition to those mentioned above, brain tumors or spinal cord tumors, ALS, peripheral neuropathy, Parkinson's disease, motor nerve disease, and Alzheimer's disease are also types of neurological diseases that can occur.
Nervous disease is a disease that is quite dangerous that can affect the quality of life of the sufferer, it can even be life threatening. So, if you experience any of these symptoms or are at high risk of developing a neurological disease, consult a doctor for an examination and get the right treatment.