Bronchitis is an inflammation of the main airways or bronchius. Bronkus serves as a channel that carries air to and from the lungs. A person suffering from bronchitis is usually characterized by the appearance of coughing symptoms that last for a week or more.
In general, bronchitis is divided into two types, namely:
- Acute bronchitis.This condition is generally experienced by children under the age of 5 years. Acute bronchitis usually resolves on its own within a week to 10 days. However, the cough experienced can last longer.
- Chronic bronchitis. This type of bronchitis is usually experienced by adults aged 40 years and over. Chronic bronchitis can last up to 2 months, and is one of the chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD).
Bronchitis that worsens and does not get proper treatment, has the potential to cause complications in the form of pneumonia. Pneumonia is inflammation of one or both lung sacs. A person who has reached this stage will feel the following symptoms:
- Chest pain when coughing or even breathing
- Body feels tired.
- Confusion, or loss of consciousness.
- Nausea and vomiting.
- Diarrhea.
Symptoms and Causes of Bronchitis
Symptoms of bronchitis are coughing, which can be accompanied by shortness of breath and sore throat. In severe cases, coughing can cause chest pain and even loss of consciousness. Bronchitis is caused by a viral infection, and is more susceptible to smokers and people with weak immune systems. One of the groups who are susceptible to bronchitis are children.
In addition, there are several factors that can increase a person's risk of developing bronchitis, including:
- Not receiving influenza or pneumonia vaccines.
- Frequent exposure to harmful substances, such as dust or ammonia.
- Be under 5 years old or more than 40 years old.
Bronchitis Treatment
Mild bronchitis may go away on its own. However, if the condition is severe enough, bronchitis must be treated with drugs, such as cough medicine with phlegm. To help with treatment, it is recommended to drink lots of water and get enough rest.
Bronchitis can be prevented in several ways, including:
- Avoid smoking.
- Receiving flu and pneumonia vaccines.
- Maintain cleanliness and always wash hands after each activity.
- Wear a mask to avoid exposure to harmful compounds.