Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is a mineral supplement used to treat low levels of magnesium in the blood (hypomagnesemia). This drug is also used to treat and prevent seizures due to eclampsia.
Magnesium is a natural mineral that plays an important role in maintaining healthy nerve cells, the immune system, heart rate, bones, and muscle function. Magnesium levels can decrease in several conditions, such as an unbalanced diet, alcoholism, chronic diarrhea, and disturbances in the digestive process.
Mineral supplements, such as . In the treatment of eclampsia, magnesium sulfate works by affecting nerve signals to muscles so that spasms can be prevented and relieved.
Trademarks of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4): Infusion of MgSO4, Minoxid, Otsu-MgSO4
What is Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4)
| group | Prescription drugs |
| Category | Anticonvulsants, additional electrolyte supplements |
| Benefit | Treat hypomagnesemia, prevent and treat seizures in eclampsia |
| Used by | Mature |
| Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) for pregnant and lactating women | Category D:There is positive evidence of risks to the human fetus, but the benefits may outweigh the risks, for example in dealing with life-threatening situations. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) can be absorbed into breast milk. If you are breastfeeding, do not use this medicine without consulting your doctor first. |
| Drug form | Inject |
Precautions Before Using Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4)
There are several things you should pay attention to before using magnesium sulfate, namely:
- Tell your doctor about any allergies you have. Magnesium sulfate should not be given to patients who are allergic to this drug.
- If possible, tell your doctor if you have an electrolyte imbalance, such as high levels of magnesium in the blood, high levels of calcium, severe heart rhythm disturbances, such as heart block. MgSO4 should not be given to patients with these conditions.
- Tell your doctor if you have or are currently suffering from kidney failure, heart disease, myasthenia gravis, lung or respiratory disease, gastrointestinal disease.
- Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning a pregnancy.
- Tell your doctor if you are taking certain medications, supplements, or herbal products.
- See your doctor right away if you experience an allergic drug reaction, overdose, or serious side effect after taking magnesium sulfate.
Dosage and Instructions for Use Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4)
The following is the dosage of magnesium sulfate for adults divided according to the purpose of treatment:
Condition: Treatment and prevention of seizures in preeclampsia and eclampsia
- Initial dose of 4 grams over 5–10 minutes, followed by a maintenance dose of 1–2 grams/hour for 24 hours postpartum or after the last seizure.
Condition: Hypomagnesemia
- The dose for mild hypomagnesaemia is 1 gram every 6 hours. For severe hypomagnesemia the dose is 1-2 grams per hour for the first 3-6 hours.
- Subsequent doses 0.5–1 gram per hour, depending on magnesium levels
How to Use Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4) Correctly
Injectable magnesium sulfate will be given by a doctor or medical personnel under the supervision of a doctor in a hospital. During the injection of the drug, the doctor will monitor the patient's blood pressure, breathing, and condition.
When used as a treatment for preeclampsia and eclampsia in pregnant women, calcium gluconate must be available in health facilities as an antidote for MgSO4. In addition, pregnant women must also have a normal respiratory rate and the patellar reflex must also be normal.
Magnesium sulfate is injected through a vein (intravenous/IV), muscle (intramuscularly/IM), or through an IV. The dose and injection site will be adjusted based on the patient's condition, needs, and response to treatment.
Interaction of Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4) with Other Drugs
The use of magnesium sulfate with other drugs can cause several interactions, including:
- Decreased absorption of tetracycline or bisphosphonates
- Increased blood pressure lowering effect when used with nifedipine or central nervous system depressants
- Increased inhibitory effect neuromuscular when used with aminoglycosides or digitalis gliko glycosides
Side Effects and Dangers of Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4)
The following are some of the side effects that can occur after using magnesium sulfate:
- Stomach pain or diarrhea
- Face is red and feels warmflush)
- Excessive sweating
- Blood pressure drop
Consult a doctor if these side effects do not go away or are getting worse. See your doctor right away if you experience an allergic drug reaction or a more serious side effect after taking magnesium sulfate, such as:
- High levels of magnesium (hypermagnesemia), which can be characterized by symptoms such as drowsiness, loss of reflexes, nausea, vomiting, or slow heart rate
- Low calcium (hypokalemia), which can be characterized by symptoms such as numbness or
- High levels of potassium (hyperkalemia), which can be characterized by symptoms such as unusually weak or tired or
- Low body temperature to below 350C (hypothermia)
- Severe blood circulation disorders