There are various options for contraception or the Family Planning (KB) method. One of which is KB spiral or intrauterine device (IUDs).KB tool made of plastic with shape like the letter TIt is used by inserting it into the uterus.
The spiral family planning process only takes about 15-20 minutes and can be done by a doctor or midwife. In this tool there is a rope that will hang from the cervix towards the vagina.
Before inserting spiral contraceptives into the uterus, you can take pain relievers, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen, a few hours before the procedure to reduce pain.
Types of Spiral KB
There are two types of spiral contraceptives, namely copper-coated spiral contraceptives and hormonal contraceptives. Here are the differences between the two types of spiral KB:
spiral KB layered copper
Spiral contraception that does not contain hormones is quite effective in preventing pregnancy for up to 10 years from insertion.
This spiral contraceptive works by releasing copper elements slowly and blocking sperm cells from rising and reaching the egg. This will make it harder for the sperm to fertilize the egg and create a pregnancy.
In addition, even if fertilization occurs, spiral contraception can also prevent the future fetus from surviving in the uterus and fallopian tubes.
spiral KB contain hormone
This type of spiral contraceptive is coated by the hormone progestin. The effectiveness of hormonal spiral contraceptives is 3−5 years, depending on the brand of spiral contraceptive products.
In preventing the fertilization of the egg, hormonal spiral contraceptives work by preventing the thickening of the uterine wall, so that the fertilized egg cannot grow. This birth control can also make the cervix filled with sticky mucus, making it harder for sperm to enter the uterus.
Spiral contraception is primarily for women who have already been pregnant. Women who have never been pregnant will usually feel more pain and cramping after the installation of spiral contraceptives. The possibility of loose spiral contraception is also more prone to occur in women who have never been pregnant. Even so, spiral family planning can still be an option.
Spiral contraception is also suitable for breastfeeding mothers. However, it is recommended to be placed about 1.5–2 months after delivery or after the uterus returns to its original size.
Positive side KB Spiral
Besides being effective in reducing the birth rate, spiral family planning also has many other advantages, including:
spiral KB layered copper
- Can be used as an emergency contraceptive if installed within 5 days after unprotected sex
- Can be removed at any time
- Fertility can return quickly after the spiral contraceptive is removed
- Does not cause side effects that can be caused by hormonal contraception
spiral KB layered hormone
- Reduce menstrual pain and pain due to endometriosis
- Reducing the risk of uterine cancer and cervical cancer
- Can be removed at any time
- Once removed, your fertility can return to normal quickly
Negative Side KB Spiral
Behind the advantages of spiral KB, there are also some disadvantages. One of them is the high cost of installation. Also, if you want to stop using spiral birth control, you will have to go to your doctor or midwife to have it removed. Not only that, spiral KB also has some drawbacks, namely:
Does not provide prevention against sexually transmitted diseases
This KB is also not equipped with protective equipment that can prevent you from getting sexually transmitted diseases. Therefore, to prevent the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases, you still need to use a condom when having sex. The use of condoms can also increase the effectiveness of spiral contraception in preventing pregnancy.
Increases the risk of an ectopic pregnancy
Research shows that the use of spiral birth control can slightly increase the risk of an ectopic pregnancy or pregnancy outside the womb. However, the risk of this disorder is not necessarily due to the use of spiral contraception.
There are several other factors that can also make a woman more at risk of having an ectopic pregnancy, including disorders of the fallopian tubes, pelvic inflammatory disease, and a history of previous ectopic pregnancies.
Increases the risk of developing ovarian cysts
If you choose hormonal spiral contraception, your chances of developing ovarian cysts may increase. This is thought to be due to the side effects of hormones released by spiral contraceptives. However, this risk is relatively light and in general spiral contraceptives are still safe to use.
Hormonal spiral contraceptives also have the potential to cause disturbing side effects, such as acne, headaches, changes in blood pressure mood, cramps in the stomach, irregular menstruation, and breast tenderness. These side effects usually go away after a few months of use.
Another disadvantage of spiral birth control is that not everyone is suitable for wearing it. For example, copper spiral contraceptives are not recommended for use by women who have certain conditions, such as:
- Pelvic inflammatory disease
- Cervical cancer or breast cancer
- Abnormalities in the uterus
- Vaginal bleeding for no apparent reason
In addition, copper spiral contraceptives should not be used by women who have a high risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases or who have had problems using them.
Spiral contraception is a contraceptive option that can last a long time and is effective. However, before deciding to use spiral contraception, make sure this contraceptive is indeed suitable for your conditions and needs.
To ensure this and get information about various other contraceptives, you can consult a gynecologist.