Ciprofloxacin or ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic to treat various types of bacterial infections. This drug is available in the form of tablets, injections, and eye drops.
Ciprofloxacin drug contains the active ingredient ciprofloxacin Hcl which works by stopping the growth of bacteria. Therefore, this drug is not used to treat infections caused by viruses, such as: common cold (cough, common cold) or flu.
Several types of bacterial infections that can be treated with ciprofloxacin are respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, diarrhea, sexually transmitted infections, anthrax, and other infections of the skin, bones, joints, stomach, and eyes.
Ciprofloxacin trademark: Baquinor Forte, Bufacipro, Ciprofloxacin Hcl, Quinobiotic, Tequinol, Ciproxin, Phaproxin, Ciflos, Cylowam, Kifarox, Bimaflox, Bernoflox, Interflox, Meflosin, Cifloxan.
What is Ciprofloxacin
| group | Quinolone type antibiotics |
| Category | Prescription drugs |
| Benefit | To treat various types of bacterial infections |
| Consumed by | Adults and children over 1 year old |
| Pregnancy and breastfeeding category | Category C: Animal studies have shown adverse effects on the fetus, but there are no controlled studies in pregnant women. Drugs should only be used if the expected benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus. Ciprofloxacin is absorbed into breast milk. If you are breastfeeding, do not use this medicine without telling your doctor. |
| Drug form | Tablets, capsules, intravenous fluids, eye drops |
Precautions Before Using Ciprofloxacin
- Please be careful and tell the doctor if you are suffering from heart problems, myasthenia gravis, hypokalemia, bone and joint disorders, nervous disorders, and mental disorders.
- Tell your doctor if you have a history of diabetes, hypertension, seizures, head injury, liver disease, or kidney disease.
- Ciprofloxacin may cause dizziness or drowsiness. Avoid doing activities that require full focus, such as driving a vehicle or operating machinery.
- Tell your doctor if you plan to get vaccinated. Ciprofloxacin can inhibit the effectiveness of certain vaccines, especially the typhoid vaccine.
- The use of ciprofloxacin in the elderly should be done with caution, because it increases the risk of heart problems and blood vessel damage.
- Avoid drinks containing caffeine while taking ciprofloxacin, because it can cause side effects of palpitations, difficulty sleeping, and anxiety disorders.
- Call your doctor right away if you have an allergic reaction or overdose after using ciprofloxacin.
Dosage and Instructions for Use Ciprofloxacin
The dose of ciprofloxacin is adjusted according to the patient's condition and the body's response to treatment. The following is an explanation of the dosage and rules for using ciprofloxacin:
Condition: anthrax
- Tablets/capsules
Mature: 500 mg, 2 times daily, for 60 days.
Children: 10-15 mg/kg body weight, maximum dose of 500 mg per administration, for 60 days.
- Injection
Mature: 400 mg, 2 times a day by infusion. The drug is given for 60 days.
Condition: respiratory tract infections and skin infections
- Tablets/capsules
Mature: 500-750 mg, 2 times daily, for 7-14 days.
- Injection
Mature: 400 mg, 2-3 times daily by infusion. The drug is given for 7-14 days.
Condition: otitis externa
- Tablets/capsules
Mature: 750 mg, 2 times daily, for 7-14 days. Dosage can be continued for up to 3 months according to the patient's condition.
- Injection
Mature: 400 mg, 3 times a day by infusion. The drug is given for 28 days to 3 months.
Condition: typhoid disease
- Tablets/capsules
Mature: 500 mg, 2 times daily, for 7 days.
- Injection
Mature: 400 mg, 2 times daily by infusion, for 7 days.
Condition: prostatitis
- Tablets/capsules
Mature: 500-750 mg, 2 times daily, for 2-4 weeks for acute prostatitis or 4-6 weeks for chronic prostatitis.
- Injection
Mature: 400 mg, 2-3 times daily, by infusion, for 2-4 weeks.
Condition: kidney infection
- Tablets/capsules
Mature: 500 mg, 2 times daily, for 7 days or 1000 mg, once daily, for 7-14 days. If you have a severe kidney infection, the dose given is 500-750 mg, 2 times a day, for 10-21 days.
Children: 10-20 mg/kgBW, 2 times a day, for 10-21 days, the maximum dose is 750 mg per administration.
- Injection
Mature: 400 mg, 2-3 times daily by infusion. The drug is given for 7-21 days.
Children: 6-10 mg/kgBW, 3 times a day by infusion, a maximum dose of 400 mg per administration. The drug is given for 10-21 days.
Condition: cystic fibrosis
- Tablets/capsules
Children: 20 mg/kg, 2 times a day, for 10-14 days, the maximum dose is 750 mg per administration.
- Injection
Children: 10 mg/kg, 3 times a day, for 10-14 days, the maximum dose is 400 mg per administration.
Condition: cystitis
- Tablets/capsules
Mature: The dose for mild cystitis is 250-500 mg, 2 times daily, for 3 days or 500 mg, once daily, for 3 days. The dose for severe cystitis is 500 mg, 2 times daily, for 7 days or 1000 mg, once daily, for 7-14 days.
Child-child: 10-20 mg/kg, 2 times a day, for 10-21 days. The maximum dose is 750 mg per dose.
Condition: bone and joint infections
- Tablets/capsules
Mature: 500-750 mg, 2 times a day.
- Injection
Mature: 400 mg, 2-3 times daily by infusion.
Condition: pelvic inflammation
- Tablets/capsules
Mature: 500-750 mg, 2 times daily, for at least 14 days.
- Injection
Mature: 400 mg, 2-3 times daily by infusion, for 14 days.
Condition: diarrhea
- Tablets/capsules
Mature: 500 mg, 2 times daily, for 1-5 days, depending on the severity of the infection.
- Injection
Mature: 400 mg, 2 times daily, for 1-5 days, depending on the severity of the infection.
Condition: stomach infection
- Tablets/capsules
Mature: 500-750 mg, 2 times daily, for 5-14 days.
- Injection
Mature: 400 mg, 2-3 times daily by infusion, for 2-4 weeks.
Condition: urethritis and cervicitis
- Tablets/capsules
Mature: 500 mg, once daily.
Condition: meningitis
- Tablets/capsules
Mature: 500 mg, once daily.
Condition: eye infection
- Eye drops containing 0.3%
Mature: 1-2 drops, 4 times a day. If the eye infection is severe, 1-2 drops, every 2 hours, for 2 days. Next, the drug is dripped 4 times a day. The maximum duration of drug administration is 21 days.
Children 1 year: The dose used is the same as the adult dose.
How to Use Ciprofloxacin Correctly
Make sure you always use ciprofloxacin according to the instructions for use listed on the drug packaging or doctor's recommendations.
Ciprofloxacin tablets
Use a glass of water to swallow the ciprofloxacin capsules and tablets whole. Do not split, crush, or chew the capsules or tablets. Ciprofloxacin should be taken after meals to prevent heartburn.
Make sure that there is sufficient time between one dose and the next. Try to take ciprofloxacin at the same time every day so that the drug can work optimally.
If you forget to take ciprofloxacin tablets or capsules, it is recommended to take them as soon as you remember, if the interval with the next consumption schedule is not too close. If it is close, ignore it and do not double the dose.
Do not stop taking ciprofloxacin without your doctor's permission, even if your symptoms have improved. If done, the bacteria can become resistant to treatment and the risk of recurrence of the infection will increase.
Store ciprofloxacin at room temperature and in a closed container to avoid exposure to sunlight, and out of reach of children.
Ciprofloxacin eye drops
There are several steps that need to be considered before using ciprofloxacin in the form of eye drops, namely:
- Wash your hands thoroughly before using eye drops.
- Shake the eye drop bottle before use to mix the solution completely.
- Turn your face up, then gently pull the lower eyelid with your fingers.
- Direct the drops into the eye, but do not touch the eyeball. Drop the medicine liquid by pressing the medicine bottle.
- Close your eyes for 2-3 minutes to allow the medicine to spread throughout your eyes. Do not blink or rub your eyes with your hands.
- Apply a little pressure and wipe the fluid around the eye with a tissue.
- If the drug is given to both eyes, you can do the same in the other eye.
- When finished, close the bottle of ciprofloxacin eye drops again and wash your hands thoroughly.
- If you find it difficult to instill the eye drops yourself, ask someone else to put the drops in your eye.
Ciprofloxacin infusion
Ciprofloxacin in injectable form should be administered by a doctor or medical worker on the doctor's instructions. During the administration of ciprofloxacin, the doctor will monitor the patient's breathing and blood pressure.
Ciprofloxacin Interactions with Other Drugs
The following are some interactions that can occur if you use ciprofloxacin with other drugs:
- Increased risk of epilepsy and heart attack, if used with theophylline.
- Increased risk of seizures, if used with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
- Increased risk of hypotension, if given concomitantly with sedatives.
- Increased risk of heart problems, if used with antiarrhythmic drugs, macrolide antibiotics, cisapride, and antipsychotic drugs.
- Increases the side effects of ciprofloxacin, when used with probenecid and ciclosporin.
- Increased side effects of methotrexate, clozapine, ropinirole, phenytoin, warfarin, and vitamin K.
Ciprofloxacin Side Effects and Dangers
Ciprofloxacin can cause mild side effects. Some of the side effects that can occur due to the use of ciprofloxacin are:
- Gastric pains
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Hard to sleep
- Vaginal itching or vaginal discharge
Ciprofloxacin can also cause other side effects, such as severe headache, yellow eyes and skin, difficulty urinating, skin rash, severe heartburn, and heart palpitations. Although rare, these side effects are serious and require immediate treatment.
Stop taking the drug immediately and seek medical attention if you experience symptoms of hypoglycemia, neurological disorders, behavioral changes, and an allergic reaction to the drug, such as swelling of the face, arms, or legs, and shortness of breath, after taking ciprofloxacin.