Abortion insipiens is also known as an unavoidable miscarriage. In this type of miscarriage, the fetus is still intact in the womb, but the pregnant woman has experienced bleeding and opening the birth canal so that a miscarriage is certain to occur.
In abortion insipiens, usually there is a lot of bleeding, but there is no clot of fetal tissue. In addition, other symptoms that may be felt by pregnant women during an abortion insipiens are severe abdominal cramps.
Although the condition of the fetus is still intact, in this miscarriage the pregnancy cannot be saved as in abortion imminens (threat of miscarriage), because the birth canal has been opened.
Causes of Abortion Insipiens
The causes of miscarriage can be very diverse. In fact, sometimes it is difficult to determine the exact cause of a miscarriage. However, there are several things that can increase the risk of pregnant women experiencing an abortion insipiens, including:
1. Chromosomal abnormalities
Chromosomal abnormalities in the prospective fetus can cause the prospective fetus to not develop, so miscarriage is unavoidable. This is the most common cause of abortion insipiens.
2. Abnormalities in the uterus
Problems or abnormalities in the uterus, such as fibroids or abnormal uterine shape, can cause interference with the implantation process of the prospective fetus in the uterine wall, resulting in an abortion insipiens. In addition, the condition of a weak cervix (uterine incompetence) can also cause incipient abortion to occur more easily.
3. Diseases due to infection
Various infectious diseases that occur during pregnancy, such as: chlamydiagonorrhea, syphilis, and toxoplasmosis, can cause changes in the structure of the uterine wall, the implantation process, and the immune system of pregnant women. These things can interfere with the process of formation of the placenta or the transfer of nutrients from the mother to the fetus, thereby potentially causing incipient abortion.
4. Chronic disease
Various chronic diseases in pregnant women, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, lupus, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism, can also increase the risk of incipient abortion. The risk of miscarriage will be higher if chronic diseases are not treated or controlled properly.
Some chronic diseases can be conditions that the mother was born with, for example antiphospholipid syndrome. This condition is known to interfere with the process of implantation of the prospective fetus in the uterine wall and also interfere with the blood supply to the placenta. Both of these will increase the risk of abortion insipiens.
5. Lifestyle
An unhealthy lifestyle during pregnancy, such as smoking, drinking alcohol, and using illegal drugs, can also harm pregnancy. Chemicals in cigarettes, alcohol, and illegal drugs can interfere with fetal development and weaken the function of the placenta, increasing the risk of incipient abortion.
How to Prevent Incipient Abortion
Until now, there are no steps that can specifically prevent abortion insipiens. However, you can do the following ways to prevent miscarriage in general:
- Eat a balanced nutritious diet.
- Take folic acid supplements.
- Maintain ideal body weight.
- Do exercise regularly.
- Don't smoke and stay away from secondhand smoke.
- Avoid consumption of alcoholic beverages and illegal drugs.
- Get vaccinated to avoid various infectious diseases.
These ways you can do from an early age, even since you are still planning a pregnancy. In addition, if you are planning a pregnancy, it's a good idea for you and your partner to consult a doctor first.
Consultation before pregnancy is important so that if things are found that can increase the risk of an abortion insipiens, the doctor can immediately take the necessary treatment