Mentally disabled is a name for people withintellectual and cognitive abilities that are below average compared to children in general. This condition couldoccurs in baby after inbornright, since the baby is in in the womb or during childbirth.
People with mental retardation can be identified from the process of thinking and learning that is slower than healthy children in general. Not only that, they are also less proficient in practicing skills to carry out normal daily activities. People with mental retardation are another term for people who have intellectual disabilities.
Various Things That Can Cause Tunagrahita
Basically, mentally retarded children are known to have limitations in two main things, first is the limitation of intellectual function (IQ), namely the ability to learn, make decisions, find reasons and solve problems. The second is limitations in adaptability, such as difficulty communicating effectively, taking care of oneself and interacting.
The above conditions can generally be caused by the following:
- Brain infection that occurs after the baby is born.
- Babies born prematurely.
- Injury to the brain from an accident or fall.
- There are abnormalities in genes that are passed down from parents.
- Babies don't get enough oxygen during labor.
- Mother caught the infection while pregnant.
- Mother consumes liquor, illegal drugs or certain drugs while pregnant.
However, this condition actually still needs to be investigated further, because in fact the cause of most cases of mental retardation is still not known for certain.
Mengrecognize sign-signmentally retarded from an early age
Signs of mentally retarded children can be recognized from the time they are in the womb until they enter school. Some of the most common signs are:
- The child is late to speak, sit up, crawl or roll over.
- It's hard to remember.
- Slow to master basic skills, such as eating alone, dressing or using the toilet.
- Behavioral disorders, such as frequent uncontrollable temper tantrums.
- Unable to link the action with the consequences of the action.
- Difficulty thinking logically or solving light problems.
Some children who have mental disorders may experience health problems, such as visual impairment, hearing loss, autism, impaired motor skills, to seizures.
Most cases of mental retardation cannot be prevented, but pregnant women can always avoid dangerous activities, such as drinking alcohol and receiving postnatal care. In cases caused by hereditary diseases, tests can be applied to detect genetic disorders.
Children with mental retardation have different levels, but children with mental retardation also need to learn to be able to live independently like normal children in general. They can learn everyday skills, such as trying to get around using public transport. So that as adults, they can carry out normal activities according to their abilities.
Parents who have mentally retarded children are expected to find out as much as possible about the condition of mental retardation, including the right way to accompany them. You can also consult a doctor or child psychologist to be given information about how to treat and provide support for mentally retarded children.